A laser cutter is used to mark, engrave, or cut a wide variety of materials. They work a lot like printers do, where you send a graphic to print. Instead of ink, the laser uses heat to transfer the image onto the material.
The Tool Safety, Tool Care, Laser Operation, section of this guide are what instructors use to ensure that you can use the equipment according to community expectations.
Large Format Laser clearance or class equivalent is required before use.
🚫 Do not use any of the prohibited materials
⚠️ Stay by the laser while it’s running
See the Safety Section for more information.
Fire | Toxic Fumes | Lens Collision |
---|---|---|
Listen for the exhaust. It should automatically turn on with the laser. | Be mindful of the safety of your cutting material. | Load material with care. |
Vacuum beneath the cutting bed to prevent flammable build-up. | Avoid chlorinated plastics and other prohibited material on the list. | Be mindful when moving the cutting bed to vacuum. |
Avoid foam and other prohibited material. | Off-gassing dangerous fumes like chlorine and cyanide is always a concern. | Ensure material is flat and will not collide with the lens carriage during operation. |
Always pause the laser if you need to step away from the machine!
Material | Danger |
---|---|
Chlorinated plastics (PVC, vinyl, artificial leather, Moleskine notebooks, polymer clay/Sculpey) | Emits chlorine gas |
Polycarbonate/Lexan | Cuts poorly, absorbs laser, discolors, may catch fire |
ABS | Emits cyanide gas, melts, bursts into flame |
HDPE (milk bottle plastic) | Catches fire & melts |
Polypropylene foam (foam core, Styrofoam) | Catches fire |
Fiberglass | Emits dangerous fumes |
Coated carbon fiber | Emits dangerous fumes |
Pressure treated wood | Emits dangerous fumes |
Galvanized metal | Emits dangerous fumes |
Mirrored surfaces, including uncoated metal | Will not cut, reflects laser beam |
Materials | Cut | Etch | Materials | Cut | Etch |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solid wood | X | X | Mylar sheet | X | X |
Plywood | X | X | Organic Fabrics | X | X |
MDF & LDF (fiberboard) | X | X | Leather & suede | X | X |
Paper, cardstock, cardboard | X | X | Non-chlorinated rubber | X | X |
Cork | X | X | Glass | X | |
Acrylic | X | X | Ceramic tile | X | |
Mirrored Acrylic \\(reflective side down) | X | X | Stone | X | |
Delrin sheet | X | X | Anodized & surface-treated metals | X |
Before you start using the tool you are expected to do an initial inspection and assess its readiness for use.
RASTER VS. VECTOR Rastered data is an image that is made of pixels. Much like an inkjet printer, the laser will scan the artwork on a scale from black to white. The laser will vary the number of dots it fires depending on the tone of each pixel.
Common file formats like .jpeg, .gif, and .png are all rastered data.
Vectored data is made of paths that form lines and shapes. They contain mathematical data that allows the laser to trace the path like following coordinates on a map. This allows the laser to cut or score a line as well as etch a filled shape.
Common file formats like .ai, .dxf, and .svg are all vectored data.
Lightburn accepts a range of file formats.
Supported vector files: .ai .pdf .dxf .svg .lbrn
Supported image files: .jpg .jpeg .png .tif .tiff .bmp
Material | Thickness | Power(%) | Speed (mm/s) |
---|---|---|---|
Bass Wood | 1/8“ | 50 | 15 |
Balsa Wood | 1/8” | 50 | 45 |
Birch Plywood | 3/16” | 70 | 10 |
Acrylic | 1/4“ | 55 | 12 |
Leather | 1/16” | 70 | 12 |
Material | Thickness | Power(%) | DPI |
---|---|---|---|
Acrylic | 55 | 300 | 391 |
Anodized Aluminum | 25 | 325 | 391 |
Cermark | 50 | 300 | 362 |
Granite | 85 | 150 | 299 |
Glass | 12 | 350 | 462 |
Leather | 45 | 325 | 299 |
Powder Coated Metal | 25 | 325 | 299 |
Romark | 12 | 325 | 254 |
Wood | 14 | 350 | 300 |
There are two black scrap bins reserved for laser waste. Maintaining these is a shared, communal responsibility.
When you notice the scrap bins are full, it’s time to take it to the dumpster out back. Feel free to enlist a helping hand.
If you notice valuable material while emptying the bins, use your judgement to selectively save a few pieces or take it home for your personal use.
If you encounter any of the issues listed in the Inspection area or have any other issues with the tool not working properly:
Problem | Likely Cause | Potential Solution | |
---|---|---|---|
Cut does not go through the material | The speed is too fast or the power is too low | Use a scrap piece of the same material to make a series of tests with incremental adjustments until you find the sweet spot | |
The lens or mirror is fogged | Alert the staff or volunteer on duty to the issue | ||
Slop in the frame | The origin in Lightburn is not set appropriately | Adjust the origin point in Lightburn | |
The artwork is too large for the cutting bed: 1200 x 900mm (~47 x 35”) | Adjust the overall artwork size | ||
Burn marks on the back of the material | Hot debris is scorching the edges of the cut lines | Lay a sheet of paper beneath the material and the bed or line it with a laser-safe vinyl free tape | |
No visible cutting happening | Lid safety switches not engaged, or software issue | Confirm the lid safety switches click when the lid closes. Turning the machine off and on again may also help if that isn't the problem. |
Lightburn Basic Features Walk-through
Lightburn Cut Settings
Lightburn Support Forum
Inkscape: The Basics
Inkscape: Hand Trace Images
Inkscape: Auto-trace images into vectors
Corel Draw: Anatomy of Vectors
Corel Draw: Vector Tracing Tutorial
Corel Draw: Envelope & Perspective Tool
Adobe Illustrator in 5 minutes
Adobe Illustrator: Turn Images into Vectors
Adobe Illustrator Pen Tool Tips
Adobe Illustrator: Turn Type into Shapes
⚠️ AUTHORIZED MAINTENANCE GROUP ONLY |
If you are part of the maintenance group please log on to the #maintenance channel of our Discord server to:
The following should be in a Maintenance tool kit for the….
See the Maintenance page for more information.